HISTORY'S HOANG SA

Archipelagoes Hoang Sa and Truong Sa of Vietnam's territory for many centuries. The islands have special importance in terms of strategy (on water and direct international flights) as well as potential economic importance (oil and gas, and other produce) and is currently being violated by many countries such as China (including Taiwan), Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei that became political hot spots of the area.

Research this topic not only because of world demand for scientific research but also meet practical needs as well as for national leaders, especially the struggle for political and diplomatic protection Vietnam's sovereignty over archipelagoes Hoang Sa and Truong Sa.

In addition, the research itself which concerned the issue from more than 25 years, wanted a chance to systematizing, synthesizing all the documents and understand fully comprehend the establishment of sovereignty Islands of Vietnam in Hoang Sa and Truong Sa.

The study aims to:
1. Provides an integrated data, systems and thorough process of establishing the sovereignty of Vietnam and Paracel islands in the Spratlys. From that point draw firm evidence of Vietnam's sovereignty over archipelagoes Hoang Sa and Truong Sa.

2 Since then, helps to counter-arguments to justify the infringement of foreign sovereignty of the islands of Vietnam in Hoang Sa and Truong Sa, so that was the essence of state sovereignty infringement to build long-term policy to protect the sovereignty of Vietnam over the Paracel Islands and the Spratlys.

3. Contribute to building the awareness of responsibility clearly fight for sovereignty over the Paracel islands and defend its sovereignty over the Spratlys and the people of the state in Vietnam.


2. HISTORICAL RESEARCH ISSUES

? Before 1975.
Before 1909, Vietnam's sovereignty over the Paracel Islands and Spratly Islands and China have not been violated in other countries. Nam1907 a year when the Japanese occupied the island Pratas. China has objected to this Pratas islands occupied by the Japanese for that unclaimed island. To prevent the expansion of Japan and south to avoid the event "Pratas 2", China has named a series of islands in the South China Sea including the Xisha and Nansha island that China is unclaimed. At this time, not down Nansha position of Vietnam's Truong Sa in the position that only Zhongsha. Time Trinh Nguyen conflict has seen the letter appeared Vietnam's stock generally refers to the Paracel Islands. The oldest, at the end of the seventeenth century maps as "Toan Tap Thien Nam Tu Chi Lo Toys Letter" or Toan An episode of South Highway Do Ba Cong Dao [23], [191], a drawing and notes on "golden sand" that Hoang Sa, followed by Phu Bien Tap Luc [28], [192] by Le Quy Don, a detailed description of the activities of the team Paracel Islands, North Sea, and demonstrates the establishment protect the sovereignty of Vietnam over the Paracel Islands and the Spratlys. Nguyen Sang to time, from the reign of Gia Long, the system includes a chronicle of the National Journal geographical and local products, books, dictionaries Assembly, the Cabinet of the European court Nguyen has recorded the activities of the Paracel Islands a very carefully and clearly demonstrates the establishment and protection of state sovereignty of Vietnam over the Paracel islands, as well as the Spratlys. Including the use of Food Continental Dai Nam Tien Bien [96], [195] The record [97], [98], [99], [100] [101] (102], [199] [200] [203] [204] [205] [206] as well as the International Court abridgment of the record [104] [210] and the address as the Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi [103], [209 ], Du Chi Hoang Vietnamese Land [135] [194]. Kham Dinh Dai Nam Special Power Association Rules (Minh Mang) [93], [201] The Court Chau Nguyen (Minh Mang reign of Thieu Tri &) [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [196] [197] [198] has mentioned the beer up sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa Hoang Sa eloquent proof of the king and court and Vietnam to protect the interest Hoang Sa right level for the supreme power (this is different from China and other countries there is no evidence establishing and protecting the sovereignty during the feudal dynasties).
In addition to the State of Vietnam, the researchers were interested in our country, recording the activities of the Hoang Sa and Bac Hai as Le Quy Don in Phu Bien Tap Luc, Phan Huy Chu in Excess Address (Constitutional Court Calendar Program Type CHI), Nguyen Thong in Vietnam Using General Manager Policy Brief Survey (vol 4, 1877 )..., [207]
Same time not in violation of the sovereignty over Hoang Sa, many authors including Chinese and western researchers have also mentioned Paracel Islands or to the establishment of sovereignty over the Paracel authorities of Vietnam as Bishop Taberd [185] [186] Gutzlaff [157], it is important that each activity helped the French news Nguyen Anh Gia Long King as Dayot, Chaigneau identified King Gia Long re-establish sovereignty over the Paracel Islands.
Besides mapping the sea in which the strip in the South China Sea is Hoang Sa (Paracels) runs along the sea off the coast of Champa or Boat, these writings, correspondence from the West (Portugal, the Netherlands, France, English) on the sea, and shipwrecks were fishermen and soldiers brought back to the mainland Cochin settlement.
After 1909, the Guangdong governor intends to start infringing the sovereignty of Vietnam over the Paracel islands, said Hoang Sa belong to any country not (sic!). Now, Vietnam is still with the yoke of imperialist domination of France, many people start new research really care about the sovereignty of Vietnam in Hoang Sa, but is just the article. Most topical is the late 20 early 30. Typical wrote in Revue Lapicque Indochinoise No. 38, 1929 [166] collect a number of documents identifying the sovereignty of Vietnam in Hoang Sa and evidence represents the local authorities of China for the Chinese people on board were robbed Le sinking ship Bellona in 1895 and in 1896 Imazi Maru refused sovereignty, no responsibility for the pirates said on the Paracel Islands in saying "Paracel" not under Chinese sovereignty. Then a series of articles published in newspapers Henri Cuchrousset Eveil Economique de l'Indochine from 1929 to 1931 [146 -152] give evidence of the sovereignty of Vietnam in Hoang Sa, blame the French government was so delinquent in the certification and protection of sovereignty in the Paracel islands, so that the evaluation was expected to order a search Barbet night to force journalists to pay for court records related to Paracel. Therefore, they have an impact, the French government in later years has reaffirmed sovereignty over Hoang Sa (Paracel) and Truong Sa (Spratly) with specific actions, such as surveys, jack pile, set lighthouses, meteorological stations and barracks (the early years of the decade 30). During these years many studies Paracel geography.

During World War II and the war of resistance against the French, who care little research to Hoang Sa.
Later in 1954, according to the Geneva accord, Hoang Sa and Truong Sa belong to the Saigon government control. In 1956, when the French expeditionary forces withdrew from Vietnam, Philippines, claimed to speak in his Spratlys. In 1956, People's Republic of China occupied the island of Phu Lam Hoang Sa archipelago and then occupied the island of Taiwan ITU Aba, the sovereignty dispute are set out harsh, since many studies have been published reports . Prominent than the two studies on the sovereignty of the Paracel relatively thick and the systematic collection. That project was born in 1971, L'affaire des yles Paracels devant le droit et Spratly International, 298 typewritten pages, doctoral thesis for his third Le Thanh Khe, at the Institut International d'Etudes et de Recherches Diplomatiques [161]. This work going on in international law, mainly under the international law of the capitalist world and the project of the International Court of The Hague. Author conditional on not going into whether the evidence of history.

Then, in 1972 appeared thesis project Board of Directors The National Academy of Administration (Saigon) by Dinh Van Cu with the theme: "Sovereignty and the Paracel Islands Spratly Islands", 137 pages thick type machine [24]. Work on spending more than 1 / 4 talk about the content and geographic circumstances presented the progress of claims over the Paracel Islands in many countries.

By 1974, the People's Republic of China invaded the whole Paracel islands, many works have been made in this year, including the collection of documents in French Vo Long Te entitled "Les de Archipels Truong Sa Hoang Sa et selon les Anciens de Vietnamiens Ouvrages d'Histoire et de Geographie ", 201 pages thick in 1974 [187]. This is the French translation of excerpts of the letter's share of Vietnam on Spratlys. Then "Paracel Islands, Republic of Vietnam's territory," 96 pages thick of the Muslim population of Van Chieu (Saigon government) [10] and the White Book of the State Department in Saigon government in 1975 [170]. Also in 1975 marked a milestone in the history of research issues as the sovereignty of the Paracel Journal History Geography No. 29 (1975), special terms of Hoang Sa and Truong Sa, 352 pages, including many documents and pictures photos, maps, has been appreciated.


Later in 1975.
Some agencies like the Border Government, Institute of Chinese Studies, the university began interested Paracel problems, especially after the war invading China in February 1979. September 1979, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic Socialist of Vietnam published the document "for the sovereignty of Vietnam and the Paracel Islands in the Spratlys." January 1982, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Vietnam Socialist Left published a white book "and Paracel Islands in the Spratlys, Vietnam's territory." April 1988, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic Socialist of Vietnam re-published documents: "The Paracel Islands, Spratly and international law." Man Ky and Tran Khanh Duong Xuan Bridge wrote "From the golden sand to the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa, Vietnam's territory," Studies in History No. 2 (University Publishers Professional and Secondary) [79] gave some new information, new approaches in the field isle Re.

Gone "Paracel Islands Vietnam" by Van Trong page 90 [134] is summarized concise and focused on the sovereignty dispute with China to add some images, like beer on the sovereignty of Vietnam pants Paracel islands taken in 1938, taking over the Spratlys in 1961.

Recently, some scientific research projects at national level on Hoang Sa and Truong Sa are being conducted. Including topics such as "Contract Research Sciences History Sovereignty of Vietnam in the Paracel Islands and Spratly Islands", code BDHD 01-01 PTS by Nguyen Quang Ngoc (the University of Hanoi) chaired final report was dated 04/30/1995 and the National Conference "argument Sciences History, Geography and legal sovereignty over the islands Vietnam Hoang Sa and Truong Sa" in Hanoi on 18 / 1 / 1996 and some further results are published in the following year.

Particularly, the Agreement on Scientific Research, initially had contributed significantly to Vietnam maps by Tran Ba Chi charge to find old books there are 22 maps drawn Hoang Sa and Truong Sa. Bibliographies on ancient Vietnam by Pham Kim Hung, Nguyen Dang Na, Nguyen Huu Thanh charge, check out and compare with the original 25 books have been translated Han, also discovered some new information in the Great South end at 15 and still find more books like geographical compendium, South Vietnam Location Du Chi, Cao Chu posthumous Spirit, Chu Yuan Vocabulary Learning Survey, Min Hanh Thi Thao, Thao Vietnamese Banking Operations, Eastern Operations Test Theory, Ad Thuan Dao Tap History, Central Land Strategy Star Du, Hai Chi Mind Programming ... But the book does not directly mention the issue of sovereignty in the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa, but the books that have mentioned the Paracel Islands, also reflect the understanding and concern for the ancient Vietnamese Hoang Sa. About Data Clean Asia Copyright by Vo Van, Vu Van Quan charge has discovered some very precious material evidence about the implementation process in sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa in the reign of Thieu Tri and Minh Par . Data on the West by the PTS Nguyen Thua Hy charge has detected significant cases in which Dayot help build naval and redraw the map for Nguyen Anh Hoang Sa or Portuguese traders offering maps Huang Sa for Nguyen Anh. In addition, the survey field in Cu Lao Re PTS by Nguyen Quang Ngoc, Vu Van Quan made PTS discovered resources in the family, village-related activities of the team over the Paracel time Lord Nguyen period, the Tay Son reign of Nguyen.
The National Conference on 01/18/1996, including 15 reports contributed significantly to the study of historical disputes with China Paracel Islands as well as data on the Chinese side, learn from the system map China's Nguyen Quang Ngoc to demonstrate to China's 1909 map was never drawn to the Paracel Islands to China's views on Hoang Sa - Truong Sa Hoang Ngoc Bao's, Taiwan's perspective on the Hoang Sa - Quy Nguyen Huy Truong Sa or find out about collection of Korean materials Paracel harmony (China) by Pham Kim Hung-editor in charge. Besides the problem of international law on territorial capital of Dac Nguyen Dang Dung or project rate of Clipperton Island, Dinh Ngoc Linh or building management system data Hoang Sa - Truong Sa by Nguyen Quoc Toan computer.

Some other works were published as issues Hoang Sa - Truong Sa in Vietnamese Chinese relations in the book "The Truth about the occurrence of the Chinese Army and Vietnam-China relations" by publishers in 1996 in Da Nang or is the author synthesized the material published in book form as Q. Nguyen Wins. Some doctoral thesis dealing, relating to Dr. Hoang Sa and Truong Sa or East Sea as PTS thesis Axis Tran Cong in Vietnam, Dr. Nguyen Hong Thao in France (1996), the PTS Peace Do Soviet Union has been protected, but mainly on legal issues of the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa or East Sea.

There are also a number of articles published author of many newspaper Nhan Dan, Military History Journal, Journal of Han Nom, Magazines Then and Now ...

Thus, the researchers Vietnam was really interested and increasingly significant contributor to the study of Hoang Sa and Truong Sa.

Western researchers are also increasingly more concerned about the Paracel and Spratly Islands. LaFont Pierre Bernard wrote the "Les Archipels Paracels in his Spratley et Confit de Frontières en mer de Chine Meridionale, published in 1989 [165]. Especially the book "La souverainete Spratley et sur les Archipels Paracels" Her MC Gendreau [155], president of the European Law is a scientific work is objective viewpoint that Vietnam is fully implemented nominal sovereignty and Paracel islands in the Spratlys. On September 12-1999 Internet has more than 900 documents mentioned Paracels and Spratley (now 970 documents)